标题: Windows下SQLite命令行工具使用示例
作者: dnawo
日期: 2012-03-28 04:49 PM
分类: 服务器
内容: 在SQLite官方有提供Windows下的SQLite命令行工具，最新版本为v3.7.11，下载解压后可得到sqlite3.exe。打开CMD窗口，定位到解压文件夹，执行"sqlite3.exe dbname"即可打开数据库并进入SQLite控制台[1][2]，然后就可以执行各种命令了：
复制内容到剪贴板 程序代码F:\>sqlite3.exe my.db
SQLite version 3.7.11 2012-03-20 11:35:50
Enter ".help" for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a ";"
sqlite>
一、SQLite命令
1.以.开始的命令
这种命令是SQLite命令行工具自身的命令，比如.help显示帮助信息、.tables列出库所有表名等。
引用内容sqlite> .help
.backup ?DB? FILE Backup DB (default "main") to FILE
.bail ON|OFF Stop after hitting an error. Default OFF
.databases List names and files of attached databases
.dump ?TABLE? ... Dump the database in an SQL text format
If TABLE specified, only dump tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.echo ON|OFF Turn command echo on or off
.exit Exit this program
.explain ?ON|OFF? Turn output mode suitable for EXPLAIN on or off.
With no args, it turns EXPLAIN on.
.header(s) ON|OFF Turn display of headers on or off
.help Show this message
.import FILE TABLE Import data from FILE into TABLE
.indices ?TABLE? Show names of all indices
If TABLE specified, only show indices for tables
matching LIKE pattern TABLE.
.load FILE ?ENTRY? Load an extension library
.log FILE|off Turn logging on or off. FILE can be stderr/stdout
.mode MODE ?TABLE? Set output mode where MODE is one of:
csv Comma-separated values
column Left-aligned columns. (See .width)
html HTML <table> code
insert SQL insert statements for TABLE
line One value per line
list Values delimited by .separator string
tabs Tab-separated values
tcl TCL list elements
.nullvalue STRING Print STRING in place of NULL values
.output FILENAME Send output to FILENAME
.output stdout Send output to the screen
.prompt MAIN CONTINUE Replace the standard prompts
.quit Exit this program
.read FILENAME Execute SQL in FILENAME
.restore ?DB? FILE Restore content of DB (default "main") from FILE
.schema ?TABLE? Show the Create statements
If TABLE specified, only show tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.separator STRING Change separator used by output mode and .import
.show Show the current values for various settings
.stats ON|OFF Turn stats on or off
.tables ?TABLE? List names of tables
If TABLE specified, only list tables matching
LIKE pattern TABLE.
.timeout MS Try opening locked tables for MS milliseconds
.vfsname ?AUX? Print the name of the VFS stack
.width NUM1 NUM2 ... Set column widths for "column" mode
.timer ON|OFF Turn the CPU timer measurement on or off
sqlite>
2.以;结尾的命令
这种命令是SQL语句，用来对数据库的表和记录进行增、删、改、查操作[3]。
复制内容到剪贴板 程序代码sqlite> create table user(id integer primary key autoincrement, name text);
sqlite> insert into user(id,name) values(null,'user1');
sqlite> insert into user(name) values('user2');
sqlite> insert into user values(null,'user3');
sqlite> select id,name from user;
1|user1
2|user2
3|user3
sqlite>
二、补充说明
[1].当指定的dbname不存在时，sqlite3.exe会自动创建并打开它。dbname可用相对地址和绝对地址，例如：sqlite3.exe C:\my.db；
[2].执行sqlite3.exe my.db后，磁盘上没有马上创建my.db文件，直到第一次执行sql语句时才会创建；
[3].自动增长字段如果不用autoincrement关键字，字段值可能会和已删除的记录字段值重复，加了autoincrement关键字就不会出现这样的情况。
三、相关链接
@.SQLite Download：http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite-shell-win32-x86-3071100.zip
@.Command Line Shell For SQLite：http://www.sqlite.org/sqlite.html
@.Datatypes In SQLite Version 3：http://www.sqlite.org/datatype3.html
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